Classifications of Chemical Auxiliaries: i) Permanent or Temporary auxiliaries
ii) Nature of auxiliaries (Surface
active/non surface active/soluble/dispersing or emulsifying)
i) Permanent or Temporary auxiliaries:
Chemicals which are
never remain with textile materials and need to be removed after processing
come under Temporary auxiliaries. Examples of these chemicals are sizing
chemicals, enzymes, detergents, wetting agents, leveling agents, carriers,
dispersing agents, thickeners etc.
In case of permanent
auxiliaries the chemicals which permanently fix on the textiles like softeners,
water proofing agent, flame retardant chemicals, water repellent chemicals, rot
proofing agents, binders, dye fixing agents etc.
ii) Nature of auxiliaries (Surface
active/non surface active/soluble/dispersing or emulsifying/Inorganic chemicals)
a) Surface active agents
are those which act on the surface first and then react with the textiles.
These are detergents, softeners, wetting agents, water repellent agent, emulsifier,
dispersing agents, dyeing assistant etc
b) Non surface active
agents are those which mostly not react with the textiles and remain only on
the surface. Examples of these are resin, cross linking agents, sizing
chemicals, thickener, binder etc.
c) There are some chemical
auxiliaries which have non surface active with small amount of surface active
agents properties. These are wax emulsions, silicone emulsion, spin finish oils
etc.
d) Inorganic chemicals
are reducing agents, acids like acetic acid, buffers to maintain pH, bleaching
agents, mordants, oxidizing agents, hydrolyzing agents etc
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