Balancing of machines for complete process house :Part-1 (Introduction)

•      Machine balancing is a most important part of any process house to run production smoothly.

•      Let us take example of dyeing of 50,000 meter 100% cotton medium weigh quality (150 gsm) fabric to understand this

Process flow:

To start it, let us have following process flow:

Grey cotton fabric------Singeing & Desizing------Scouring------Bleaching-------mercerizing-----dyeing-----finishing----finish folding

Let us have following type of machines to carry out processing of 100% cotton fabric:

•      Singeing cum Desizing

•      Scouring & Bleaching (Pretreatment renage-PTR)

•      Mercerizing

•      Continuous dyeing range (CDR)

•      Softening & Drying on stenter

•      Sanforzing (Zero-zero)

Singeing: 

Singeing is a process of burning protruding fibres from a textile structure. Following figure shows the unsinged and singed yarn. In the first yarn, it is clear that there are protruding fibres on the surface of yarn and in the second yarn, the protruding fibres are removed by applying singeing process.

Similarly following two figures indicate unsinged and singed fabric.

Unsinged fabric                                                                  Singed fabric 

Singeing process brings in fabric smooth surface, less soiling and reduce pilling problems.

Singeing can be carried out using any of the following techniques:

Rotary (Roller)-cylinder singeing m/c:

In this type of singeing machine, the cloth passes over and in contact with a heated rotary cylinder made of copper or cast iron.The rotary cylinder has internal firing and revolves slowly so that constantly a fresh surface of the roller comes in contact with the cloth. The direction of rotation of the cylinder is opposite to the direction of the fabric so that the protruding fibers or nap of the fabric is raised.This type of machine is particularly suitable for the singeing of velvets and other pile fabrics. If the singeing of both sides of the fabric is required, then two cylinder are employed, one for each side of the fabric. Following line diagram shows the principle of rotary singeing: